Database
A database is an organized collection of data, generally stored and accessed electronically from a computer system. Where database are more complex they are often developed using formal design and modeling techniques.
Types of Database
Centralized Database
The information (data) is stored at a centralized location and the users from different locations can access this data. This type of database contains application procedures that help the users to access the data even from a remote location. Various kinds of authentication procedures are applied for the verification and validation of end users, likewise, a registration number is provided by the application procedures which keep a track and record of data usage. The local area office handles this thing.
Distributed Database
Just opposite of the centralized database concept, the distributed database has contributions from the common database as well as the information captured by local computers also. The data is not at one place and is distributed at various sites of an organization. These sites are connected to each other with the help of communication links which helps them to access the distributed data easily.
Personal Database
Data is collected and stored on personal computers which are small and easily manageable. The data is generally used by the same department of an organization and is accessed by a small group of people.
End User Database
The end user is usually not concerned about the transaction or operations done at various levels and is only aware of the product which may be software or an application. Therefore, this is a shared database which is specifically designed for the end user, just like different levels’ managers. Summary of whole information is collected in this database.
Commercial Database
These are the paid versions of the huge databases designed uniquely for the users who want to access the information for help. These databases are subject specific, and one cannot afford to maintain such a huge information. Access to such databases is provided through commercial links.
NoSQL Database
These are used for large sets of distributed data. There are some big data performances issues which are effectively handled by relational databases, such kind of issues are easily managed by NoSQL databases. There are very efficient in analyzing large size unstructured data that may be stored at multiple virtual servers of the cloud.
Operational Database
Information related to operations of an enterprise is stored inside this database. Functional lines like marketing, employee relations, customer service etc. require such kind of databases.
Relational Databases
These databases are categorized by a set of tables where data gets fit into a pre-defined category. The table consists of rows and columns where the column has an entry for data for a specific category and rows contains instance for that data defined according to the category. The Structured Query Language (SQL) is the standard user and application program interface for a relational database.
Cloud Databases
Now a day, data has been specifically getting stored over clouds also known as a virtual environment, either in a hybrid cloud, public or private cloud. A cloud database is a database that has been optimized or built for such a virtualized environment. There are various benefits of a cloud database, some of which are the ability to pay for storage capacity and bandwidth on a per-user basis, and they provide scalability on demand, along with high availability.
Object-Oriented Databases
An object-oriented database is a collection of object-oriented programming and relational database. There are various items which are created using object-oriented programming languages like C++, Java which can be stored in relational databases, but object-oriented databases are well-suited for those items.
Graph Databases
The graph is a collection of nodes and edges where each node is used to represent an entity and each edge describes the relationship between entities. A graph-oriented database, or graph database, is a type of NoSQL database that uses graph theory to store, map and query relationships.
